[Update on the Mali Pharmacy Code: legislative section]. / Essai de mise au point d'un code de la pharmacie au Mali: partie legislative.

Due to colonization (1895-1960) Mali has been submitted, on the legislative and regulation plan to a corpus of numerous and scattered texts relative to pharmacy. It is essentially the Law AN XI of 21 Germinal or the 11 April 1803 Law; the content of Book V of the Public Health Code relative to pharmacy practice, of which some disposals have been extended to Overseas Territories, Togo and Cameroon in 1953; the 1955 Ministerial Order about the dispatching of the Retail Pharmacy in AOF; the 1960 Law creating the Board of Pharmacists in the Federation of Mali etc. After independence, the new Malian State while renewing the pharmacy legislation issued by the old tutor State which was not opposed to the new fundamental Law, has also set up, according to the political orientations of the moment, some new texts. In the framework of this work, we have collected all the legislative and regulation texts that have been allowed in Mali in the pharmacy area and in that of Studies in Pharmacy. We have examined those texts and proceeded to codify the legislative part. The present Code consists of 189 articles divided in 5 titles layed out in chapters and sections.

[Update on the Mali Pharmacy Code: legislative section]. / Essai de Mise au Point D'un Code de la Pharmacie au Mali : Partie Legislative.

Due to colonization (1895-1960) Mali has been submitted, on the legislative and regulation plan to a corpus of numerous and scattered texts relative to pharmacy. It is essentially the Law AN XI of 21 Germinal or the 11 April 1803 Law; the content of Book V of the Public Health Code relative to pharmacy practice, of which some disposals have been extended to Overseas Territories, Togo and Cameroon in 1953; the 1955 Ministerial Order about the dispatching of the Retail Pharmacy in AOF; the 1960 Law creating the Board of Pharmacists in the Federation of Mali etc. After independence, the new Malian State while renewing the pharmacy legislation issued by the old tutor State which was not opposed to the new fundamental Law, has also set up, according to the political orientations of the moment, some new texts. In the framework of this work, we have collected all the legislative and regulation texts that have been allowed in Mali in the pharmacy area and in that of Studies in Pharmacy. We have examined those texts and proceeded to codify the legislative part. The present Code consists of 189 articles divided in 5 titles layed out in chapters and sections.

Essai de mise au point d'un code de la pharmacie au Mali : partie legislative

Du fait de la colonisation (1895-1960) le Mali a ete soumis au plan legislatif et reglementaire a un corpus de textes nombreux et epars se rapportant au secteur de la pharmacie. Il s'agit entre autre de la Loi An XI du 21 Germinal ou Loi du 11 avril 1803; du contenu du livre V du Code de la Sante Publique relatif a l'exercice de la pharmacie; dont certaines dispositions ont ete etendues aux territoires d'Outre-Mer; au Togo et au Cameroun en 1953 ; de l'Arrete de 1955 sur la repartition des officines en AOF ; de la Loi de 1960 portant creation de l'Ordre des pharmaciens dans la federation du Mali etc.. Apres l'accession a la souverainete internationale; le nouvel Etat Malien tout en reconduisant la legislation pharmaceutique issue de l'Etat anciennement tuteur qui n'etait pas contraire a la nouvelle loi fondamentale; a egalement mis en place; conformement aux orientations politiques de l'heure; de nouveaux textes. Dans le cadre de ce travail; nous avons recense l'ensemble des textes legislatifs et reglementaires qui ont ete pris au Mali dans le secteur pharmaceutique et celui des etudes en pharmacie. Nous avons fait l'examen critique de ces textes et procede a la codification de la partie legislative. Le present code est presente en 189 articles repartis en 5 titres disposes en chapitres et en sections

Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in eight African hospitals and Malta.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) poses a serious therapeutic problem worldwide, and its frequency in most African countries has not been reported. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of MRSA in eight large hospitals (>500 beds) in Africa and Malta, from 1996 to 1997. Susceptibility to methicillin (oxacillin) and to other drugs was determined by E test (AB Biodisk, Solna, Sweden) on a total of 1440 clinical isolates of S. aureus. Methicillin resistance was detected in 213 (15%) of the 1440 isolates tested. The rate of MRSA was relatively high in Nigeria, Kenya, and Cameroon (21-30%), and below 10% in Tunisia, Malta, and Algeria. All MRSA isolates were sensitive to vancomycin, with MICs 60%) of MRSA strains were multiresistant. There is a need to maintain surveillance and control of MRSA infections in Africa.